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The EAR model is a three-step approach to de-escalation: Engage to establish rapport and calm the situation, Assess to gather information about needs, risks, and resources, and Resolve to work toward a safe, constructive outcome. Escalate immediately is not part of this sequence because escalation is not a defined step within the three-stage flow. It may be necessary in some cases, but it’s a separate decision point outside the core EAR process. The other actions fit neatly into the model: Engage starts the interaction, Assess informs what’s happening and what’s needed, and Resolve moves toward safety and agreement.